Hero and Villain: Robert Clive of the East India Company Positive And Negative Effects Of British Rule In India False; The Arms Act was passed in 1875. . PDF 5 Impact of British Rule on India: Economic, Social and History of Pakistan - Wikipedia Congress party between 1937 and 1939. After the first British factory was set up in 1651 on the banks of the river Hugli, East India company started allowing more of its merchants and traders to visit and settle down at the city of Bengal. In 1757, following a battle in the town of Plassey between forces led by British soldier Robert Clive and the Mughal nawab (viceroy) Sirj . Question 16. (Delhi 2011) Answer: The British gained Orissa and the territories north of the Yamuna river including Agra and Delhi. The EIC established the foundations for the British rule of India. They spread the ash from the firing, which contained potash, to fertilise the soil. How did the Indian nationalists react against it? The decision by the British to reverse the partition was seen as a victory by the Hindu community, but as betrayal by the Muslim community who Previous Section Overview; Next Section British Reforms and Colonial Resistance, 1767-1772; British Reforms and Colonial Resistance, 1763-1766. Ever since the expedition to the sea route started: Portuguese, D. It is evident from the ruins of various archaeological sites of Bengal that the art of . Each Mahal comprises one or more villages. British Rule in Bengal During British rule, two devastating famines were instigated costing millions of lives in 1770 and 1943. At the same time, the British rule brought to surface the rivalry between the Hindus and Muslims, which had lain dormant during the 500 years of Muslim . The EIC began as a trading company; granted a trade monopoly by the English crown in 1600. The official reason given for the decision was that Bengal with a population of 78 million (about a quarter of the population of British India) had become too big to be administered. Their main food at the time were rice, fish, meat, vegetables, fruit, milk, curd, butter oil, condensed milk etc. Look the pictures given below and answer the following questions: Answer: Patola weaves. Explain the ideas of Gandhiji as he expressed in the famous book 'Hind Swaraj' regarding Non-cooperation. It created a stable government across the sub-continent. In Bengal the assessment was made permanent; and it has not been raised with the extension of cultivation, it now bears a ratio of about 35 percent, on the rental. Its fertile soil produced every thing requisite for the food of man . The erosion of Muslim identity and culture. rule the Official Secrets Act, the Indian Universities Act, the Calcutta Corporation Act and, above all, the partition of Bengal left no doubt in Indian minds about the basically reactionary nature of British rule in India. The company hired coal Indian soldiers to fill "most of the posts." The British East Company had almost complete control of Bengal and expanded into India. How did the British gain and maintain power in India? Expansion and Consolidation of British Power in India Spectrum - Modern History of India - Short notes www.DesireIAS.com The British Imperial History; The 'first empire' stretching across the Atlantic towards America and the West Indies, and the 'second empire' beginning around 1783 (Peace of Paris) and swinging towards the EastAsia and Africa. it managed to extend its jurisdiction beyond the boundary of Bengal. Based on the situation in Bengal, what effects did British East India Company rule have on Indians? [7] (d) Was the India Act of 1784 the main reason why the British were able to expand beyond Bengal between 1784 and 1850? Expansion and Consolidation of British Power in India Spectrum - Modern History of India - Short notes www.DesireIAS.com The British Imperial History; The 'first empire' stretching across the Atlantic towards America and the West Indies, and the 'second empire' beginning around 1783 (Peace of Paris) and swinging towards the EastAsia and Africa. Q33. Chapter-5. Explain the economic impact of the Company Rule in India. Jamdani weaves. Because of this division of authority, the rule in Bengal between the period 1765-1772 has been called the "Dual Government". Ans. [5] This was true to some extent, but the real motive behind the partition plan was the British desire to weaken Bengal, the nerve centre of Indian nationalism. Answer (1 of 25): Have you ever thought once how such a small island UK was able to rule almost 80%of the world population so meticulously at some or other time? Structured Questions (1) The First War of Independence of 1857, was the culmination of people's dissatisfaction with the British rule. British Occupation of Bengal | Indian History. What was the objective behind the Company's new policy of 'paramountcy '? This was the drain of wealth theory.. A prominent theme in nationalist economic thinking was this was one of the most important causes of . Chapter-5. Muslims were forbidden to eat beef and received harsh punishments if they slaughtered cows. British rule transformed from a collection of independent states into one ruling body. Explain the British policy of 'Subordinate union' of Indian States with British India from 1858 to 1905. The reasons that caused the conflicts between Bengal nawabs and East India Company were: a. In this system, the land was divided into Mahals. Eastern Bengal and Assam as the Muslim . The Bengal famine also referred to as the man-made famine between 1943 and 1944 claimed over four million lives and is said to have been engineered as part of an unsympathetic and ruthless economic agenda, according to Rakhi Chakraborty's book titled, "The Bengal Famine: How the British Engineered the Worst Genocide in Human History for . Trace the course and explain the consequences of the drain of wealth from Bengal in the eighteenth century. Therefore, the British officials wanted to follow a different system of land revenue. These are some of the reasons of the success of the British against the Indian rulers that led to the establishment of the British rule in India. More important was the fact that the territories occupied by the british were efficiently administered by British governors with the help of an organised civil service, System of Police, Law . Bengal was divided by the British in the year (a . British rule destroyed the backbone of the farmers. When India achieved freedom from colonial rule, 7% of the villagers (Zamindars/landowners) owned 75% of the agricultural land. Although Dutch Coromandel and Dutch Bengal were restored to Dutch rule by virtue of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814, they returned to British rule owing to the provisions of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824. Explain your answer. Divide and Rule policy: The former rule of Divide and rule was the first that the government made to rule and govern all the major British provision states and Indian princely states. British raj, period of direct British rule over the Indian subcontinent following the uprising of 1857 and the abolition of the East India Company's role in managing the region. of British officials and businessmen. In the very beginning of British rule in Bengal, the policy of Clive and Warren Hastings of extracting the largest possible land revenue had led . against British rule broke out in 1857, Bahadur Shah Zafar , the Mughal emperor at the time, . Explain why the Muslim community objected to the rule of the. Evaluate the role of Dadabhai Nauroji in exposing the evils of British rule in India. Spanning the western expanse of the Indian subcontinent and the eastern borderlands of the Iranian plateau, the region of present-day Pakistan served both as the fertile ground of a major . Co. became more accountable to the British government. Even so, instead of removing the non-Bengali areas from the province, the government separated East Bengal and merged it with Assam. Map Skills Class 8 History Chapter 7 Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners. Refusal to pay taxes by the British angered the Nawab. During the rule of the emperor Aurangzeb (reigned 1658-1707), the English East India Company was permitted to establish its base at Calcutta ().The British gained strength in the region as the Mughal empire weakened. Their defeat proved to be decisive. British Bengal - 1757-1947. Rise of British East India Company. People were satisfied with British rule in the 1870s and 1880s. In 1612,Jahangir gave the permission. On an outline map of India represent the following which shows the major centres of weaving in the late 18th century. Hindi was enforced as the official language and organised attacks were made on mosques. It is also known as the Sepoy Rebellion, sepoys being the native soldiers. Bengal and Eastern India: The Sanyasi Revolt: The coming of the British brought with it economic hardships symbolised by the massive famine of 1770, and a general callousness on the part of the Company's stooges. So, let's check them out : 1. The British army's were a united lot and moved much faster under a unified command. So, let's check them out : 1. The description of battle of plassey. The people of Bengal and of northern India gradually obtained some relief from the heavy land assessment of the early years of the British rule. Beginning with Bengal, the system spread over all of northern India by means of the issue of a series of regulations dated May 1, 1793. 12.Indian Council Act,1892 The establishment of Indian National Congress(INC) in 1885 led to rise in Nationalism which resulted in Congress putting forth some demands in front of British authorities, Reformation of the council was one of the demands.To replace nomination . The fields of Bengal and other regions became uncultivated and farmers were plundered . At its height, it ruled a territory larger than Britain and was involved in global trade, politics, war and the transportation of slaves. This was interpreted by the British as evidence of the irreconcilable differences . The gradual destruction of rural crafts broke up the union between agricultural and domestic industry in the countryside and thus contributed to the destruction of the self-sufficient village economy. The history of Pakistan for the period preceding the country's creation in 1947 is shared with that of Afghanistan, India, and Iran. The zamindars in Bengal had become rentiers in a way as they had leased out their lands. The British rule in Bengal promoted simultaneously the forces of unity and division in the society. They used the axe to cut trees and the hoe to scratch the soil in order to prepare it for cultivation. [5] (c) Explain why Robert Clive was successful in the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Up to a third of the population died in 1770 and subsequent years. Thus, the foundation of British rule in India was laid with the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Answer: The Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme and therefore its power was greater than that of Indian states. Question 11. The defeat of Siraj ud daulah.Subscribe our youtube channel: https://www.y. Being taught English allowed millions of Indians to obtain jobs working in IT or customer service. The rule is also called Crown rule in India, or direct rule in India. [10] [Total: 25] It was in 1858, just a year after the Hindu-Muslim joint revolt had rocked British rule in India, that Tarinicharan Chattopadhyay wrote his "Bharatbarsher Itihas," the first virtual . List the Kingdoms which were annexed on the basis of 'Doctrine of Lapse'. The British thought of their rule as a form of "autocratic paternalism." The British also created "divide and rule" policies, pitting Hindu and Muslim Indians against one another. This was the base from which The British army's were a united lot and moved much faster under a unified command. When a massive rebellion against British rule broke out in 1857, Bahadur Shah Zafar, the Mughal emperor at the time, was seen as the natural leader. This was the primary land revenue system in North-West India. William Fullerton, a member of the British Parliament, writes about Bengal that it was the granary of the nation, but under the British rule it became a desert. Scarcely five years into the British East India Company's rule, the catastrophic Bengal famine of 1070 one of the greatest famines of history occurred. A number of regional powers opposed The constant flow of national wealth from India to England for which India did not get an adequate economic, commercial or material return has been described by Indian national leaders and economists as 'drain' of wealth from India.
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